Assessment of HVAC system operational fault impacts and multiple faults interactions under climate change

The effect of climate change on heating, ventilation and airconditioning (HVAC) system performances has become prominent, HVAC fault impacts may also vary with change. This paper evaluates the operational faults energy occupant thermal comfort under current, 2030s 2050s climates using a validated model. impact indicators were proposed to rank single multiple each period. Supply fan stuck at maximum speed, combinations associated this ranked first in rankings, respectively. Based investigations interactions, it is found that synergetic/antagonistic can lead significantly higher/lower combined than any among combination when present opposite impacts. Moreover, heating coil supply air temperature sensor negative bias, thermostat positive offset outdoor damper fully open led most increase total electricity by 34.3 GJ 35.3 from current results are useful for researchers prioritise significant developing detection diagnosis framework.